Whilst the origins of human habitation in the region of Huế may be traced back several thousand years, it was not until 1687 that the Nguyễn lords established their capital at Phú Xuận, originally located some 5 kilometres north-east of the present city. In the century which followed Phú Xuận grew into a prosperous metropolis, but in the late 18th century the town fell to the Tây Sơn rebels, who used it as their capital between 1786 and 1801. Eventually Phú Xuận was recovered by Nguyễn Anh, a prince of the Nguyễn lineage who had himself crowned in 1802 under the name Gia Long (1802-1819). Changing his country’s name to Việt Nam (literally ‘the Việts of the south’), Gia Long moved the capital from Thăng Long (Hà Nội) to Phú Xuân, which he promptly renamed as the city of Huế. In 1805 work began to construct the Huế Citadel (Kinh thành Huế), focus of the royal city, from which the Nguyễn dynasty were to rule the country – at least in name – until 1945. The Huế Historic Monuments Conservation Centre is responsible for the restoration and upkeep of all of the historic and cultural monuments of Huế, which were collectively listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1993. The following constitute the most significant monuments: